Two conventional patch antennas whose operating frequencies are both in the range of zeroindex frequencies are designed and fabricated. We also observe an additional flat band corresponding to a longitudinal electric dipole mode. It is my pleasure to present the publication nanostructured metamaterials exchange between experts in electromagnetics and material science. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Emmms exhibit exotic properties not easily achieved using naturally occurring materials. Materials with a refractive index of zero have been considered as strong contenders for such supercoupling applications.
Metamaterials open new possibilities for the realization of efficient nonlinear optical interactions such as wavelength conversion and parametric amplification effects. The design is a square array of air holes in 220nm silicon oninsulator soi which offers compatibility with complementary metaloxidesemiconductor cmos technology. The structure might be applied in onchip applications such as switches and optical. Light goes infinitely fast with new onchip zeroindex. The concept of metamaterials has offered platforms for unconventional tailoring and manipulation of the lightmatter interaction. However, the manufacturing of metamaterials faces great challenges due to the structural complexity, accuracy requirement, and small scale.
Review article optical negativeindex metamaterials arti. Realization of zerorefractiveindex lens with ultralow. Journal of optics paper broadband nearzero index metamaterials to cite this article. Silicon photonics has become the principal platform for onchip optical. Yang li, shota kita, philip munoz, orad reshef, daryl i vulis, mei yin, marko loncar, and eric mazur.
It is demonstrated that the real part of the index approaches zero at the wideband covering from 9. We investigate some of the electromagnetic characteristics of the concept of static optics, i. Monolithic cmoscompatible zeroindex metamaterials request pdf. This chapter mainly addresses the electromagnetic metamaterials applied in the rf and the microwave frequency ranges, covering background theory, single and doublenegative metamaterials, magnetodielectrics and zeroindex metamaterials, lcloaded transmission line metamaterials, electromagnetic bandgap, biisotropic and bianisotropic. Rabi splitting in zero index metam special cavity mode with uniform field positionindependent rabi oscillation 3.
Onchip alldielectric fabricationtolerant zeroindex metamaterials. The calculated bandstructure for the designed material is shown in fig. More recently, as a special kind of metamaterials, zero index metamaterials zims are also used to manipulate the propagation of light, e. Zero index materials exhibit exotic optical properties that can be utilized for integratedoptics applications. Zeroindex metamaterial based alldielectric nanoantenna. For zero refractive index metamaterials, there are many reports of metamaterials with near zero refractive index nzi in the terahertz region. Light goes infinitely fast with new onchip zeroindex metamaterial nanowerk news electrons are so 20th century. Zeroindex materials exhibit exotic optical properties that can be utilized for integratedoptics applications. Integrated zeroindex metamaterials and waveguides osa.
Paulson school of engineering and applied sciences, harvard university, 9 oxford st. However, there is no way to implement these materials on a photonic chip, restricting the investigation and application of zero index phenomena to simple shapes and small scales. Onchip zeroindex metamaterials astrophysics data system. Design of cmos millimeterwave and terahertz integrated. One class of metamaterials, with a refraction index of zero pdf. Zeroindex metamaterials open new possibilities for optical chips. Researchers have designed the first on chip metamaterial with a refractive index of zero, meaning that the phase of light can travel infinitely fast. Day, 2 eric mazur, 1,3 and marko lon car 1, 1 john a. Onchip alldielectric fabricationtolerant zeroindex. Recently, metamaterials with simultaneously zero effective permittivity and permeability have been demonstrated in both outofplane and onchip configurations moitra p, yang y, anderson z, kravchenko ii, briggs dp, valentine j, nat photonics 7.
Monolithic cmoscompatible zeroindex metamaterials arxiv. Nearzero refractive index photonics nature photonics. However, there is no way to implement these materials on a photonic chip, restricting the investigation and application of zeroindex phenomena to simple shapes and small scales. Day, 2 eric mazur, 1,3 and marko loncar 1, 1john a. Zeroindex metamaterial could boost onchip photonics. Pdf a novel integrated optical modulator design is presented using zero. Metamaterials with a refractive index of zero exhibit properties that are important for integrated optics.
Design of cmos millimeterwave and terahertz integrated circuits with metamaterials provides alternative solutions using cmos onchip metamaterials. One class of metamaterials, with a refraction index of zero pdf, was first created in 20 and quickly caught. Light travels infinitely fast with new onchip metamaterial. Zero index has only been achieved recently in an integrated platform through a diraccone dispersion, enabling some of these more exciting applications in an integrated platform. Us9882286b1 cylindrical antenna using near zero index. Metamaterials are featured by artificial composite structures with exotic properties, which process promising application potentials in various areas.
Recently, the manmade artificial materials denoted metamaterials. We demonstrate a cmoscompatible zero index metamaterial consisting of a square array of air holes in a 220nmthick silicon on insulator soi wafer. Observation of acoustic diraclike cone and double zero. A nearzero index nzi metamaterial is an engineered material that is designed to produce anomalous refraction over a certain range of. Zero refractiveindex metamaterials have attracted attention for engineering the. Integrated supercouplers based on zeroindex metamaterials or3. Monolithic cmoscompatible zeroindex metamaterials daryl i.
In this article, a highly directive alldielectric zeroindex metamaterial zim based nanoantenna has been proposed which has the ability to directionally transmit the radiation from an isotropic quantum emitter. Zeroindex metamaterials open new possibilities for. Our results establish novel largearea zeroindex materials for waferscale applications and beyond. Zeroindex metamaterials can be used to achieve high directivity antennas. In addition to a negative index ni of refraction, properties such as artificial magnetism2, negative permittivity, and negative permeability have. Onchip alldielectric fabricationtolerant zeroindex metamaterials shota kita, 1 yang li, 1 philip camaydmunoz, 1 orad reshef, 1 daryl i.
Rapid progress in photonics and nanotechnology brings many examples of resonant optical phenomena associated with the physics of fano resonances, with applications in optical switching and sensing. Y li, s kita, p munoz, o reshef, di vulis, m yin, m loncar, e mazur. However, there is no way to implement these materials on a photonic chip. In the 21st century, photonic devices, which use light to transport large amounts of information quickly, will enhance or even replace the electronic devices that are ubiquitous in our lives today. Integrated metamaterials and nanophotonics in cmoscompatible materials advisor. Osa monolithic cmoscompatible zeroindex metamaterials. In this dissertation, we explore several concepts and designs within this scope. Pdf integrated optical modulators with zero index metamaterials. The present invention is generally directed towards a cylindrical antenna and more specifically directed towards a cylindrical antenna using near zero index metamaterial. This onchip metamaterial opens the door to exploring the physics of zero index and its applications in integrated optics. Numerical study of a quasizeroindex photonic metamaterial. This geometry would permit integrating these metamaterials with other optical elements, including waveguides, resonators, and interferometers. Metamaterials with a refractive index of zero exhibit physical properties such as infinite phase velocity and wavelength.
Metamaterials are one of the new discoveries of the last decade. Pdf integrated zeroindex metamaterials and waveguides. In particular, they provide a route to creating materials that possess a negative refractive index and offer exciting new prospects. Abstract metamaterials with a refractive index of zero exhibit physical properties such as infinite phase velocity and wavelength. Zeroindex metamaterials zims offer unprecedented ways to manipulate the flow of light, and are of interest for wide range of applications including optical. Electromagnetic metamaterials and metadevices springerlink. Request pdf monolithic cmoscompatible zeroindex metamaterials zeroindex materials exhibit exotic optical properties that can be utilized for integratedoptics applications. Zeroindex materials, metamaterials, silicon photonics link pdf onchip alldielectric fabricationtolerant zeroindex metamaterials. We demonstrate a cmoscompatible zeroindex metamaterial consisting of a square array of air holes in a 220nmthick silicononinsulator soi. Total reflection and transmission by epsilonnearzero. In this article, a highly directive alldielectric zeroindex metamaterial. Structures with near zero parameters for example, media with near zero relative permittivity andor relative permeability, and thus a near zero refractive index exhibit a number of unique. They are made from assemblies of multiple elements fashioned from composite materials such as metals and plastics. Unlike conventional metamaterial devices on printed circuit boards pcbs, the presented cmos metamaterials can be utilized to build many mmwave and thz circuits and systems on chip.
Light manipulation with metamaterial analogies of quantum. We designed and fabricated an on chip integrated metamaterial with a refractive index of zero. Because a signal propagating in a zeroindex metamaterial will stimulate a spatially static field structure that varies in time. Orad reshef, phd advanced research complex 454, 25 templeton street 6 5625800 ext. They present exceptional properties, dominated by their geometrical structure and this publication will allow the reader to learn more about. Oct 19, 2015 light goes infinitely fast with new on chip zero index metamaterial nanowerk news electrons are so 20th century. Integrated diraccone metamaterials enable effective refractive indices near zero in the standard silicononinsulator soi platform.
We designed and fabricated an onchip integrated metamaterial with a refractive index of zero in the optical regime, they report in a paper in the november issue of nature photonics. Pdf integrated diraccone metamaterials enable effective refractive indices near zero in the. Vulis1, mei yin1,2,markoloncar1 and eric mazur1,3 metamaterials with a refractive index of zero exhibit physical properties such as in. Possessing an infinite effective wavelength and zero spatial phase change, zero index metamaterials may be especially useful for routing on chip photonic processes and reducing the footprint of nonlinear interactions. The ones marked may be different from the article in the profile. Manipulating the flow of light using diraccone zeroindex. Nonlinear phasematching in 2d integrated zeroindex metamaterials is awarded nkt photonics best student paper award mrs optical metamaterials, boston, ma 2015. Onchip alldielectric fabricationtolerant zero index metamaterials.
Zeroindex metamaterials zims offer unprecedented ways to manipulate the flow of light, and are of interest for wide range of. It is concentrated on outofplane operation that the propagating waves are vertical to the chip. For instance, phase mismatchfree nonlinear generation was predicted and experimentally demonstrated in a zero index optical metamaterials 56. Zero index metamaterial for designing highgain patch antenna. Commonly referred to as quasizeroindex, the frequency band is especially narrow, significantly limiting the range of the metamaterials use.
Although this infinitely high velocity seems to break a fundamental rule of relativity, it does not. Zerorefractiveindex metamaterials have attracted attention for engineering the. Mar 12, 2019 in this article, a highly directive alldielectric zero index metamaterial zim based nanoantenna has been proposed which has the ability to directionally transmit the radiation from an isotropic. Integrated supercouplers based on zeroindex metamaterials. Paulson school of engineering and applied sciences seas have done just that, designing the first onchip metamaterial with a refractive index of zero, meaning that the phase of light can travel infinitely fast. One kind of metamaterial having a magnetic permeability. Recently, the realization of onchip, zeroindex metamaterials 52 has introduced a new regime of radiation that is emitted transverse to the direction of propagation of a waveguide in both the. A flexible integrated zero index metamaterial enables many applications, including in quantum optics, interconnects and wavefront engineering. Day, eric mazur, and marko loncar author information. We present an onchip diraccone metamaterial with an impedance matched zero refractive index at lambda 1550nm. Light goes infinitely fast with new onchip material 19 october 2015 in this zeroindex material made of silicon pillar arrays. Li y, kita s, munoz p, reshef o, vulis d, loncar m, mazur e, onchip zero index. Onchip zeroindex metamaterials laboratory for nanoscale. This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar.
Orad reshef nanophotonics, metamaterials and nonlinear optics. Strict zeroindex characteristic is real and imaginary parts of refractive index are all zero at the same time, but this zeroindex is just one frequency point in the refractive index curve. In our work, we exploit the ubiquity and fabrication precision of silicon photonics to demonstrate multiple platforms of alldielectric integrated metamaterials with a refractive index near zero. Disordered zeroindex metamaterials based on metalinduced. Onchip alldielectric fabricationtolerant zeroindex metamaterials citation. Zeroindex metamaterials zims offer unprecedented ways to manipulate the flow of light, and are. Electromagnetically induced transparency in meta m metam analogies of multi level atom.
Zero index metamaterials zims offer unprecedented ways to manipulate the flow of light, and are of interest for wide range of applications including optical cloaking, supercoupling, and unconventional phasematching properties in nonlinear optics. Applications of gradient index metamaterials in waveguides. Create complex materials by combining metamaterials with other materials including transition metal oxides correlated electron matter competing dof mode selec. Osa onchip alldielectric fabricationtolerant zeroindex. Recently, onchip zim is designed and experimentally proved, which. We designed and fabricated an onchip integrated metamaterial with a refractive index of zero. Onchip zeroindex metamaterials is featured on the cover of nature photonics, and gets picked up by over 30. Pdf wave interaction with epsilonandmunearzero emnz. Onchip photonics may have gotten a boost thanks to researchers at harvard and peking university. Sep 15, 2017 this chapter mainly addresses the electromagnetic metamaterials applied in the rf and the microwave frequency ranges, covering background theory, single and doublenegative metamaterials, magnetodielectrics and zero index metamaterials, lcloaded transmission line metamaterials, electromagnetic bandgap, biisotropic and bianisotropic. Alternatively, zeroindex photonic crystals and metamaterials are. Impedancematched zims can be obtained through a photonic diraccone pdc dispersion induced by an accidental degeneracy of an electric monopole. However, practical implementation requires compatibility with complementary metallicoxidesemiconductor cmos technologies.
Perspective of additive manufacturing for metamaterials. A planar wideband zeroindex metamaterial zim based on mesh grid structure is studied. Onchip alldielectric fabricationtolerant zero index. Such metamaterials exhibit infinite phase velocity and wavelength. Impedancematched metamaterials with zero refractive index can be achieved by exploiting a dirac cone at the center of the brillouin zone. Onchip alldielectric fabricationtolerant zeroindex metamaterials shota kita, 1 yang li, 1 philip munoz, 1 orad reshef, 1 daryl i. Onchip zeroindex metamaterials yang li1, shota kita1, philip munoz1, orad reshef1, daryl i. In the 21st century, photonic devices, which use light to transport large amounts of information quickly, will enhance or even replace the electronic devices that are ubiquitous in.
1120 1435 63 1298 1002 1259 9 1426 1154 1093 1106 1440 1380 900 733 385 247 196 1598 1023 191 759 1485 328 1466 1270 1235 811 243 134 125 875 719 216 791 891 780 756 278 1175 775